ĝherdh- and gherdh-

    ĝherdh- and gherdh-

    English meaning: to encircle, enclose

    Deutsche Übersetzung: “umfassen, umzäunen, umgũrten”

    Note: because of Lat. hortus (see ĝher-4) extension from *ĝher-4 “catch”;

    Material: A. gherdh- (here also die about den originally anlaut nichts entscheidenden words the Kentumsprachen): O.Ind. gr̥há- (*gr̥dhá-) “house, dwelling”, pl. “Gemächer”, Av. gǝrǝða- m. “cave as Behausungdaevischer Wesen” (eine older meaning “house, dwelling” wird through fiuGk. loanword, as wotj. gurt “ residence, village”, syrjän. gort “house, dwelling” and “unterirdische dwelling, Gruft, grave”, erwiesen); Alb. garth, -dhi “ hedge “ (*ghordhos, Jokl Slavia 13, 297ff.); Phryg. -gordum “town, city” in Manegordum “Mannesstadt” (besides Manezordum); Gk. (by Hes.) κορθίς σωρός, κορθέλαι σύστροφοι, σωροί; Goth. bigaírdan “umgurten”, O.Ice. gyrða, O.E. gyrdan, O.Fris. gerda, O.H.G. gurten ds.; Goth. gaírda f., O.Ice. gjǫrð “belt, girdle”, ablaut, O.Ice. gyrðell, O.E. gyrdel, O.Fris. gerdel, O.H.G. gurtil(a) ds. (M.H.G. gurt is nomen post-verbal); Goth. gards m. “house”, O.Ice. garðr m. “fence, paddock, courtyard, Gehöft”, O.E. geard, O.S. gard “eingefriedetes Grundstũck”, Plur. “dwelling”, O.H.G. gart m. “ circle “ in mittilgart “orbis”, heimgart “forum” etc.; Goth. garda “ hurdle, Viehhof”, O.Fris. garda “garden”, O.S. gardo, O.H.G. garto ds. (or from IE *ĝhor-tó-; compare χόρτος under ĝher-4); Lith. gar̃das m. “corral, pen, fold”, gardìs f. “Gatter, Gitter”; Slav. *gordъ in O.C.S. gradъ “castle, town, city, garden”, Russ.- Church Slavic ogradъ “garden” (therefrom O.C.S. graždь m. ‘stall”), Russ. górod “town, city”, Bulg. gradъ, Ser.-Cr. grȁd, Sloven. grâd ds., Cz. hrad “castle, Schloß”, Pol. gród ds.; zero grade Slav. žьrdь in O.C.S. žrьdь “wood”, Russ. žerdь “long, dũnne shaft, pole”, Pol. żerdź, Sloven. žr̂ d “Wiesbaum”; Toch. В kercīyen “palace” absents (Pedersen Toch. Sprachg. 34f.); Hitt. gurtas “fortress” (Benveniste BAL.-SLAV. 33, 139)?; s. also ĝher-4. about Lat. urbs “town, city”, ostensibly from *ghordhos, s. Georgiev IF. 56, 200. B. ĝherdh-: Phryg. -zordum “town, city” (in Manezordum, see above); Lith. žá rdas “Gestell zum Trocknen from corn, grain or Flachssaat, Viehhũrde”, Ltv. zãrds “Gestell zum Trocknen, Holzschicht, Scheiterhaufen”, with intonation change Lith. žar̃ dis “Roßgarten” m., pr. sardis “fence” (= “ungezäunter Roßgarten”); Russ. zoród “barn, haystack”, weißRuss. azoród “Darrhũrde”.

    References: WP. I 608 f., WH. I 242 f., Trautmann 78 f., 366.